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The Painted Door Theme Essay

James Sinclair Ross was a Canadian investor just as a creator. He was most notable for his short stories set on the Canadian prairies. In Ross’ short story The Painted Door, Ann and her better half John live on a ranch in Saskatchewan during the 1800s. While a blizzard is drawing closer, John leaves for his father’s homestead to enable him to take care of the errands, leaving Ann without anyone else in the tempest. The subject of The Painted Door is disconnection prompts silliness and hopelessness. This can be found in the portrayal of Ann all through the story, the disconnected setting of their ranch, and the imagery of the storm.Throughout The Painted Door Ann battles with an inward clash because of her sentiments of detachment. These feelings are not just present as a result of the disconnected setting in which the story happens, yet additionally because of the depression brought about by the separation among her and John in their marriage. John centers around his wo rk decidedly a lot for her loving and their relational abilities have gotten not exactly agreeable. As she watches out at the land she starts to feel desolate, and those feelings just increment as John disregards her to fight her heart when he goes to his father’s farm.When Steven, John’s dear companion, shows up to play a game of cards and to stay with her, Ann starts to contrast him with John to decide the better man. Ann considers Steven as she keeps an eye on the fire and mentions objective facts, for example, â€Å"His hair was dull and trim, his young lips bended delicate and full. While John, she made the examination quickly, was pudgy, substantial jowled, and stooped. (page 204)† Her correlations of the two men in a to and fro design successfully show how tangled Ann is as she is trapped in a fight between her psyche and her heart.Her depictions of Steven cause him to have all the earmarks of being progressively appealing and a respectable man, while Joh n is the man she wedded, yet experiences experienced issues speaking with. As Ann thinks about the two men, she utilizes Steven’s positive credits and John’s defects to persuade herself that Steven is a superior man. Her thinking prompts her unreasonable decision to go behind John's back with Steven, which can be viewed as a purpose behind John’s passing when he went out during the tempest with no expectation of returning subsequent to getting the two of them.Ann’s detachment prompted her creation a silly choice that destroyed her marriage and will make her be much increasingly desolate and hopeless without John, the man she adores. The setting of The Painted Door is portrayed so that it improves the sentiments of detachment and hopelessness in the story. Certain symbolism is utilized to make striking pictures in the reader’s brain to rouse feelings of dejection. The setting is regularly depicted as freezing, or as infertile and void. â€Å"The su n was transcended the ice fogs presently, so sharp and hard a sparkle on the snow that rather than warmth its beams appeared shedding cold (page 190)†.In this area of the story, Ross utilizes words that represent joy, for example, â€Å"sun† and â€Å"warmth†, however certain words can be associated with detachment, for example, â€Å"frost† and â€Å"cold. † By relating both the Earth and the sky to such chilled words, the symbolism leaves the peruser feeling as if they are caught alongside Ann in her segregation. Another case of seclusion in the setting is, â€Å"She shuddered, yet didn't turn. Free, unpleasant light the long white miles of prairie scene appeared to be an area outsider to life. Indeed, even the inaccessible farmsteads she could see serves just to escalate a feeling of seclusion (190)†.This depicts the territory that they live in as exceptionally void since their closest neighbors are miles over the day off, Ann nobody to go to when she is separated from everyone else. These sentiments of disconnection and hopelessness are what are continually weighing on Ann’s bears all through the story and lead to her nonsensical considerations and choices later on, for example, her decision to lay down with Steven. The blizzard that happens during The Painted Door steadily works through the span of the story and can be viewed as an image for Ann’s internal conflict.The storm in the story is additionally Ann’s foe in an individual vs.â nature struggle, isolating her from her better half and disengaging her from the remainder of the world. The stormier it turns into, the more Ann gets cut off from the outside world. The tempest isolates her from John for quite a while and along these lines, Ann considers things that she regularly wouldn’t, for example, having an unsanctioned romance with her husband’s closest companion. These outrageous conditions are the main impetus behind Annâ⠂¬â„¢s silly contemplations. As the story advances and she invests more energy alone, Ann’s considerations and stresses start to assemble up.The way the tempest is depicted in the story, the peruser can deduce that a similar disturbance is additionally present in Ann’s mind. By depicting the tempest as â€Å"eventual fury†, â€Å"blustering and furious†, and â€Å"insane and dominant† these expressions can likewise be identified with Ann’s regularly changing musings about John. While the tempest intensifies, Ann turns out to be nearer to submitting her wrongdoing. As the tempest arrives at its pinnacle, Ann surrenders to her feelings and lays down with Steven. â€Å"The storm twisted at the dividers as though to make them lock in. So unbending and edgy were every one of her muscles set, withstanding, that the room around her appeared to swim and reel.So inflexible and stressed that for help finally, notwithstanding herself, she raised her h ead and met his eyes once more. (page 209)† In the interim, obscure to her, John is doing combating the tempest to stay faithful to his obligation to come back to her. As Ann awakens thereafter, the tempest gradually fades away, leaving a way of disappointment, blame, and wretchedness behind it. The blustery, disconnected states of the setting and in her psyche are the main impetus behind her unreasonable choice to lay down with Steven and the wretchedness that followed her decision. Disengagement can be the thinking behind mindlessness and wretchedness, and in The Painted Door, there are no exceptions.Ann’s internal clash causing her to pick between her better half and Steven, the forlornness of the setting that appeared to trap her, and the tempest that represented the musings and feelings within her were all types of seclusion that drove Ann to silly activities. Had she halted to consider where her contemplations were going, maybe Ann would not have let her disengage ment influence her judiciousness. At that point John would even now be alive and she would not feel the blame, hopelessness, and forlornness that followed her choice.

The Ways Cleaning Alleviates Stress

The Ways Cleaning Alleviates Stress Stress Management Household Stress Print The Ways Cleaning Alleviates Stress By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on October 08, 2019 Hero Images/Getty Images More in Stress Management Household Stress Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Job Stress Relationship Stress After a long day at the office, the last thing you may want to do to de-stress is to come home and clean the house.  Many people associate cleaning more with drudgery than relaxation, for obvious reasons. However, there are several reasons why cleaning can be a great stress reliever. Some of these reasons have to do with the process of cleaning, and some come from the end results of your efforts. Either way, the following information may just make you want to start cleaning the next time you feel stressed. 1. Cleaning Provides Relief From Clutter Let’s face it: clutter can be stressful. Walking into a home that has piles of paper on every surface, stacks of laundry needing to be put away, and random items were strewn on the floor feels different than walking into a model home. It’s a difference you can feel viscerally. While most of us want that neat, ordered home environment, far too many of us live in a  cluttered one that causes us stress. According to a poll on this site, less than 10% of respondents live in a clutter-free home, and over a third live in surroundings so cluttered that they don’t even know where to begin cleaning.  ? 2. Cleaning as a Money Saver If you find yourself late on paying bills (because you can’t find them), replacing items you still have (because you don’t know where they are), and eating out more often than you need to (because your kitchen is too cluttered and messy for regular cooking), a little spring cleaning may actually save you money. You may not even realize the ways that a clean house can also be a money saver until you live in one. 3. Cleaning as an Exercise in Gratitude Make cleaning a mindful task by taking the opportunity to be thankful for each thing you touch. For instance, if you are washing dishes, admire your plates, be grateful for the food that youre scraping off since some have none, and admire the beauty of modern technology as you place that dish in the dishwasher. By thinking about what you are cleaning you might find an extra appreciation that you didnt realize you were lucky to have before.  Because inner peace comes more from wanting what you have than from having what you want, unearthing the wonderful haven beneath the dirt and clutter can bring a new level of gratitude for all that you have. 4.Cleaning as Meditation   While the end result of a major cleaning session â€" a beautiful and clean home â€" can be a great stress reliever, the act of cleaning your house can be a stress management technique in itself. If you incorporate mindfulness into your cleaning, the work can actually be a form of meditation, leaving you more relaxed after you finish. 5. Cleaning as a Party If you’re not one to get into a zen state as you clean, why not go in the other direction, and turn your cleaning experience into a mini party? Music has many wonderful stress relief benefits and playing music as you clean can make the activity much more enjoyable. Play your favorite dance music as you clean, and you may actually work faster and be done sooner. 6. Cleaning as Exercise The act of cleaning, if done right, can bring the added benefit of getting you a little extra exercise, which can be great for relieving stress. Running up and down the stairs, carrying items from room to room, and scrubbing windows and floors can burn calories, release endorphins, and help you blow off steam. Spring cleaning is a workout routine that brings many benefits indeed.

Juvenile Crime The Criminal Justice System - 1031 Words

In the 1990s, violent juvenile crime rates had reached record high levels throughout the United States. During these years, many Americans considered the criminal justice system too easy on violent juvenile offenders and demanded reform. Many states, including Florida began to focus efforts on juvenile crime. â€Å"Florida’s criminal sentencing laws and punishment policies from 1980 to 2000 reflected an ongoing, focused effort to deter serious crimes† (Taylor). Crimes were given stricter sentencing guidelines. Serious offenses carried mandatory minimum sentences. â€Å"When it comes to kids and crime, Florida is known and the toughest state in the nation† (Clary). More juveniles are prosecuted as adults than in all other states combined. Juveniles were at the hands of these harsher adult sentences. Juveniles cannot vote, they cannot purchase alcohol or tobacco products, they cannot sign legal documents, they cannot be out after a certain hour, they are deemed too immature to handle their own lives. Juveniles, however can be waived to adult court where they could face sanctions as harsh as life imprisonment. In July 2003, 16 year old Terrance Jamar Graham and three other juveniles attempted to rob a restaurant in Jacksonville, Florida. Graham was arrested and charged with armed burglary with assault and or battery and attempted armed robbery. Under Florida law, 16 and 17 year olds could be tried as adults for most felony crimes at the discretion of the prosecutor. The prosecutorShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Crime Issues in Today’s Criminal Justice System18893 Words   |  76 Pages ©  ©  ©  © chapter 15 Juvenile Justice chapter 16 Drugs and Crime chapter 17 Terrorism and Multinational Criminal Justice chapter 18 The Future of Criminal Justice These individual rights must be effectively balanced against these present and emerging community concerns: Widespread drug abuse among youth The threat of juvenile crime Urban gang violence High-technology, computer, and Internet crime (cybercrime) Terrorism and narcoterrorism Occupational and whitecollar crime  ©  © A right to privacyRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : Should Severity Of Punishment For Young Offenders Be The Same As Adults?1200 Words   |  5 PagesJuvenile Delinquency: Should Severity of Punishment for Young Offenders Be the Same as Adults? 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These recommendations address issues that the system is currently facing and offersRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System Is A System Modeled To Provide1066 Words   |  5 PagesThe Juvenile Justice System is a system modeled to provide a legal setting where youths account for their wrongs or are offered official protection. A distinct juveniles justice system commenced in the United States over 100 years ago. The first juvenile court was established in 1899. The system is founded under a range of core principles. First, juveniles are different from adults and hence need to be handled differently by the Justic e System. Second, it is argued that juveniles differ from oneRead MoreThe Role Of Parens Patriae Within The Criminal Justice System873 Words   |  4 Pageswithin the Criminal Justice System corresponds with the shaping of juvenile justice. Throughout history, the Criminal Justice System seldom focused on the understanding of the relationship between children and criminal responsibility and the special needs of juveniles. Despite of age, juveniles were often overlooked and were typically processed and subject to the similar punishments as adults. Consequently, juveniles placed in the same facilities as adults who committed heinous crimes were oftenRead MoreProsecuting Juveniles In Adult Court1510 Words   |  7 PagesProsecuting Juveniles in Adult Court Kimberly Washington Introduction to Statistics for Criminal Justice Ayana Conway, Ph.D., Assistant Professor September 30, 2013 Abstract This research paper will examine whether or not juveniles that commit violent crimes should be tried as an adult. Through research, I will establish an argument that children who commit the crimes of an adult should be punished as an adult. 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Making someone pay for the harm they have caused is an easy concept when it comes to adult offenders; however, what about juvenile offenders? Should juvenile offenders be punished for what he/she has done? When victims want the juvenile offender to be punished for the harm they have caused, this is called retributive justice. Often AmericansRead MoreThe Constitutionality Of The Juvenile Justice System1634 Words   |  7 PagesThe juvenile justice system has grown and changed substantially since 1899, when the nation’s first juvenile court was established in Illinois. Originally, the court process was informal often nothing more than a conversation between the youth and the judge and the defendant lacked legal representation. To replace confinement in jails with adults, the early juvenile courts created a probation system and used a separate service delivery system to provide minors with supervision, guidance, and educationRead MoreJuvenile Offenders And The Criminal Justice System860 Words   |  4 PagesOnce youth is committed a crime he or she must face the criminal justice. Whether it is simple face to face contact with the police officer or trip to juvenile facility, juven ile is becoming part of the criminal justice system. For many youth it is their first contact with the justice system however for some others it is a very familiar process. So once juvenile is making face to face contact with the police officers, his life is in the hands of that officer who can make very important and sometime

A Patient With Alzheimer s Patients - 1374 Words

â€Å"One in three seniors dies with Alzheimer’s or another Dementia†(â€Å"What is Alzheimer’s?). More than five million Americans are living with Alzheimer’s(â€Å"What is Alzheimer’s?). Alzheimer’s is a disease that progessively worsens and eventually kills brain cells. The damaged brain cells lead to memory loss and trouble with cognitive thinking. Alzheimer’s deteriorates the brain slowly. Currently there is no cure for Alzheimer’s, but there are treatments. The treatmeants can’t reverse the damaged cells, but the process can be slowed. Placing a patient with Alzheimer’s in a long-term care facility is best for the patient’s health and well-being, because Alzheimer’s patients require around the clock care, caregivers will be overworked tending to†¦show more content†¦The disease handicaps parts of the brain and decreases the motor skills and cognitive thinking. Since Alzheimer’s patients need more attention opposed to regular senior citizens, they will recieve the most beneficial care at a long- term carer facility. Another reason why long-term care is more beneficial for an Alzheimer’s patient’s health is because cargivers tend to become overworked. A person with any form of Dementia needs their caregiver to be alert and organized everyday of every hour; if the caregiver is overworked and frustrated the patients care could be compromised unintentionally. Caregivers must watch over every single move of their loved ones if they stay at home. Taking care of a person with Alzheimer’s is like taking care of a giant infant. In most cases Alzheimer’s patients require constant supervision to ensure they do not wander about and forget where they are going. Safety is one of the greatest concerns in careing for an Alzheimer’s patient. Most Alzheimer’s patients have confusion often and could potentially get lost if they are not in their normal surroundings. Caregiving is both mentally and physically exhausting. As Alzheimer’s progresses , the physical and mental demands on a caregiver can gradually become overwheling (Segal). The number one concern for caregivers shouldShow MoreRelatedPalliative Care For Alzheimer s Patients2196 Words   |  9 PagesPalliative Care for Alzheimer’s Patients Brittany Dooley Denver School of Nursing Abstract This paper discusses the transition patients and families experience during palliative care. In patient’s experiencing terminal illnesses, care priorities tend to shift and instead of focusing on curative measures, it often shifts to palliative to provide comfort measures. Palliative care focuses on the relief of suffering and psychosocial support during serious illnessesRead MorePatients With Alzheimer s Disease1018 Words   |  5 PagesI would advocate for patients with Alzheimer’s disease. According to Burns and Iliffe (2009), Alzheimer’s is a â€Å"chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder† that is characterized primarily by symptoms of memory loss (p. 467). Those affected with this disorder often have behavioral and psychiatric disturbances and problems with activities of daily living. Alzheimer’s disease destroys the nerve cells and tissues in the brain; in advanced stages, the brain shrinks a drastic amount. The Alzheimer’s Read MoreThe Effect Of Exercise On The Cognitive Function Of Alzheimer s Patients1628 Words   |  7 PagesThe effect of exercise therapy on the cognitive function of Alzheimer s patients The aim of this paper is to analyse two trials that investigated whether physical exercise could be used to improve cognitive function in female Alzheimer s sufferers by evaluating the effect of aerobic exercise in the treatment of cognitive decline in female Alzheimer s patients. Papers appraised in this synopsis: Carla M.C. Nasimento, Camila V. L. Teixeira, Lilian T. B. Gobbi, Sebastiao Gobbi, (2012). A controlledRead MoreAre Citalopram, Fluoxetine And Sertraline Effective Medications When Treating Alzheimer s Patients3139 Words   |  13 PagesTitle: Are citalopram, fluoxetine and sertraline effective medications when treating Alzheimer’s patients. Author: Odalys Chavez Summary: This study will investigate and test how some medications can smooth the progressive advance of the Alzheimer in patients with more than 70 years. Alzheimer which is a degenerative disease of the neuro system due to memory loss is still being very questionable and debated. As of today there is no cure, nor reversal for the disease. Many researchersRead MoreSymptoms Of Alzheimer s Disease715 Words   |  3 PagesAccording to the data collected by Alzheimer s Association(2016), the overall 5.4 million American suffers from Alzheimer s disease, and this population is growing in a certain rate for majority of this population aged 65 and up. Identify possible Alzheimer’s symptom could be rather difficult because people are lack of the awareness of their implicit illness, which later contribute to the Alzheimer s disease. Also, to maintain a current Alzheimer s patient is struggle for a single family. 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Occupational therapist must not only recognize a patient s condition, but asses them as a whole, taking into account all aspects of their being. Occupational therapist provide treatment that is intrinsic in nature, while also satisfying the client s desires, and needs. Occupational therapy is used as a form of treatment in many illness s both physical and cognitive. Cognitive disorders can be some ofRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease And Its Effects1188 Words   |  5 Pages Alzheimer s disease is a cognitively degenerative disease with irreversible side effects. The disease was first discovered in 1901 by the late German psychiatrist Alois Alzheimer while he was working with a fifty year old patient by the name of Auguste D. Si nce the disease s discovery, scientists, psychiatrist, and many other medical professionals have worked diligently to learn more about the disease s effects and potential treatments to hinder its rapid progression. Alzheimer s disease is

Cost Calculations †Managerial Accounting Free Essays

Problem 1 Page 40 a- Cost of goods manufactured = Direct cost + Indirect cost = [Direct Cost of Material + Direct Cost of Labor] + [Indirect Cost of Material + Indirect Cost of Labor + Utilities Overhead] = Total Cost of Material + Total Cost of Labor + Utilities Overhead = 120,000 + 90,000 + 40,000 = $ 250,000 b- Total Cost of Operation = Cost of goods manufactured + Selling, General admin. and expenses. = 250,000 + 60,000 = $ 310,000 c- Prime Cost =Direct Material Cost + Direct Labor Cost 80,000 + 65,000 = $ 145,000 d- Conversion Cost = Direct Labor + Factory Overhead = Direct labor + [Indirect Material + Indirect Labor + Utilities Overhead] = 65,000 + 40,000 +25,000 + 40,000 = $ 170,000 e- Product Cost = Cost of goods manufactured = $ 250,000 f- Period Cost = Selling, general admin. We will write a custom essay sample on Cost Calculations – Managerial Accounting or any similar topic only for you Order Now and expenses = $ 60,000 g- Unit Cost = Total Cost of goods manufactured/Number of unit product = $ 250,000/10,000 = $ 25 per unit Problem 2 Page 40 a- Cost of goods manufactured Total Cost of goods put into production + [Difference between Beginning Ending work-in-process] = [Total Direct Cost + Factory Overhead Cost] + [25,000-10,000] = [Direct Material Cost + Direct Labor Cost + Factory Overhead Cost] + 15,000 = [95,000+110,000+70,000]+15,000 = $ 290,000 b- Cost of goods sold = Cost of goods manufactured + [Difference between Beginning Ending finished goods inventory] = 290,000 + [(30,000)] = $ 260,000 c- Net Income or Loss = Sales – Cost of goods manufactured – Selling , general admin. and expenses = 300,000 – 260,000 – 75,000 = ($ 35,000) ; Net Loss Exercise # 1 Page 43 Direct Material Cost = $ 8,000 Indirect Material Cost = $ 2,000 Direct Labor Cost = $ 3,500 Indirect Labor Cost = $ 1,500 Factory Overhead = $ 5,000 Selling Expenses = $ 7,500 General admin. Expenses = $ 8,500 a- Cost of goods manufactured = Total Direct Cost + Total Factory Overhead = Total Direct Cost + [Total Indirect Cost + Factory Overhead for heat, light and power] = 8,000 + 3,500 + 2,000 + 1,500 + 5,000 = $ 20,000 b- Total Cost of Operation = Cost of goods manufactured + Selling, general and admin. expenses = 20,000 + 7,500 + 8,500 = $ 36,000 Exercise # 2 Page 43 Direct Material Cost = $ 25,000 Indirect Material Cost = $ 5,000 Direct Labor Cost = $ 30,000 Indirect Labor Cost = $ 4,500 Overhead [excluding indirect material labor Costs] = $ 15,000 a- Prime Cost = Direct Cost = Direct Material Cost + Direct Labor Cost = 25,000 + 30,000 = $ 55,000 b- Conversion Cost = Direct Labor Cost + Total Overhead Cost = Direct Labor Cost + Indirect Material Cost + indirect Labor Cost + Overhead Cost [excluding indirect material labor Costs] = 30,000 + 5,000 + 4,500 + 15,000 = $ 54,500 c- Product Cost = Cost of goods manufactured Total Direct Cost + Total Indirect Cost + Overhead Cost[excluding indirect material labor Costs] = 55,000 + 9,500 + 15,000 = $ 79,500 Exercise # 5 Page 44 75,000 unit/year Beginning work –in- process = 0 Ending work –in- process = 0 Total Cost of goods manufactured = $ 300,000 Number of sold units = 59,000 Number of non sold units = 14,000 Number of loss = 2,000 Beginning finished goods inventor y = 0 a- Expenses was for the year; Cost of each unit = $ 300,000/75,000= $ 4 per unit Expenses (Not sold units) = 14,000 * 4 = $ 56,000 b- Loss was incurred for the year; = 2,000 * 4 = $ 8,000 – Assets to be recorded as finished goods inventory was for the year; = 59,000 * 4 = $ 236,000 Problem # 2 Page 47 Beginning work-in-process $ 5,000 Ending work-in-process $ 6,200 Direct material cost $ 8,900 Direct Labor cost $ 10,000 Factory overhead $ 15,000 Beginning finished goods inventory $ 12,000 Ending finished goods inventory $ 22,000 Sales $ 37,500 Selling and general expenses $ 17,000 a- Cost of goods manufactured = Cost of production + [Difference between Beginning Ending work-in-process] = [Direct Material Cost + Direct Labor Cost + Factory Overhead Cost]+ [(1,200)] = 8,900 + 10,000 + 15,000 + [(1,200)] $ 22,700 b- Cost of goods sold = Cost of goods manufactured + [Difference between Beginning Ending finished goods inventory] = 22,700 + 10,000 = $ 32,700 Problem # 4 Pag e 48 Sales $ 945,000 Beginning work-in-process $ 75,000 Ending work-in-process $ 60,000 Beginning finished goods inventory $ 35,000 Ending finished goods inventory $ 54,000 Direct material cost $ 176,000 Direct Labor cost $ 250,000 Factory overhead $ 237,500 Selling Expenses $ 55,000 General and admin. expenses $ 117,000 a- Cost of goods manufactured Cost of production + [Difference between Beginning Ending work-in-process] = [Direct Material Cost + Direct Labor Cost + Factory Overhead Cost]+ [15,000] = 176,000 + 250,000 + 237,500 + [15,000] = $ 678,500 b- Cost of goods sold = Cost of goods manufactured + [Difference between Beginning Ending finished goods inventory] = 678,500 + [(19,000)] = $ 659,500 c- Net Income or Loss = Sales – Cost of goods sold – Selling expenses – General and admin. expenses = 945,000 – 659,500 – 55,000 – 117,000 = $ 113,500 Net Income How to cite Cost Calculations – Managerial Accounting, Essay examples

Timeline History Of Russia 1533

Timeline History Of Russia 1533-1991 Essay 1533-1584The Russian Empire, covering over one-sixth of the world, is governed by the sovereignty of Czar Ivan the Terrible. The feudalsystem oppresses every man, woman and child as the Czar releases Tax Collectors to maintain support for the nobles in the land. Brigands and financial extortionists persecute any lower class citizen who refuses to help contribute to the Czars regime. 1682-1725Under Czar Peter I (Peter the Great), the Russian Empire begins to flourish with traces of traditional social structure modifications in the country. Observing the radical advances of western civilizations, Peter orders the modernization of the army, creation of a navy, encourages mercantilism and foreign trade, and gives women more rights. Nevertheless, the Empire remains stricken in poverty over slow reforms and the overbearing presence of feudalism. 1825-1861The feudal system begins to fail when the goals and desires of the common peasant cannot be achieved through such an archaic doctrine. Various successive Czars attempt social reforms which do not leave an impact on the countrys well-being. In December of 1825, an uprising from the populace occures when they demand changes to the economic system. With the development of the American, French and Spanish constitutions, the serfs now demanded the abolishment of the monarchy dictatorship, communal ownership of land and man y other civil and social reforms. Unfortunately, their rebellion was quicklydismantled by the Czars military faction and the system remained in tact. 1861-1905Czar Nicholas II finally realized that his current economic monarchy was holding back the development of the empire. He therefore created a parliamentary system in 1905 which would decrease the number of strikes and violent outbursts generating from the peasants. This representative assembly (called a Duma) was convened a total of four times during the first World War and gave legitimacy to other political factions within the empire and would hopefully increase civil rights. 1917-1924World War I led to the abdication (resignation) of the Czar as the people revolted against his useless monarchy. Famine, disease and death were spreading like wildfire as the Russians aided France against the militia of Germany during World War I. The population lost its faith in the monarchy and installed a provisional government that would keep the country from disintegrating. However, this government refused to intervene during the fragile years of the war and lost its power to a communist party called the Bolsheviks. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Nikolai Lenin), overthrew the provisional government and implemented their style of authority to the empire. Their objectives were to lead the Russian empire into prosperity while utilizing Karl Marxs proposed doctrine for a communal, classless environment where the workers will be using their abilities to satisfy their own needs. The Union was now born and the Communist Manifesto was finally going to be activated. The C zar and his family were captured and executed, thus ending the oppressive autocracy that had befallen the empire for hundreds of years. Eventually, the central government was overtaken by Lenin and his military leaders, LeonTrotsky and Josef Stalin. Although a minority party, the Bolsheviks decided to implement capitalistic modifications to the fragileeconomy in order to aid the communistic backlash that would follow. The New Economic Policy (NEP) created by Lenin would allow peasants to keep a certain amount of profit for themselves, rather than having the government subsidize all of it. Unfortunately, Lenin died just as his policy had started to work. 1925-1953The two apparent heirs to Lenins regime were Josef Stalin and Leon Trotsky. Although Trotsky was better suited for the position (with his strong political inclinations towards reasonable social adaptability), Josef Stalin assumed controlled and subsequently ordered the exile of all apposing cabinet ministers, including Trotsky. Anyone in the Union who objected to his decisions was sent to Siberian prison camps or murdered. He now had full control without any intervention from other liberal or moderate parties. He decided to concentrate on improving military strength and building on improving the Soviet economy, rather than follow Lenins revolutionary goal of domin ating the world. In order to obtain the immense amount of money needed to maintain his militia, he began a series of five year programs which would force the average farmer to meet a quota by the end of the harvest and then have the state subsidize all of the production. This system, aptly named collectivization, reprimanded allof the average workers liberties and created great suffering during the Stalin regime. Such suffering was magnified during an anti-war treaty that Stalin had signed with Hitlers Germany in an effort to avoid a confrontation with the Nazi military. However, Hitler violated this treaty in an effort to dominate all of Europe and was denied at the expense of millions of Soviet lives who fought for freedom against his tyranny. Not only did this lead to millions of deaths and a severe decrease in productivity. Stalin eventually passed away in 1953, and the conservative trend would now shifted to a more liberal form. .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 , .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 .postImageUrl , .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 , .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304:hover , .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304:visited , .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304:active { border:0!important; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304:active , .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304 .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue0f53ad2f2241c111f57d4babd804304:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Rosa parks Essay We will write a custom essay on Timeline History Of Russia 1533-1991 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now 1953-1964Nikita Krushchev, a dedicated liberal leader, managed to become the leader of the Soviet Union after a conservative mogul by the name of Malenkov could not gather enough support from the Political Bureau. Krushchev proceeded to moderately alter the rigid, despotic structure of the Union and dealt vigorously with other foreign countries. The improvement in foreign relations, outer space developments and housing/employment allowed Krushchev to improve the Soviet economy. In 1964, he became the first leader ever to lose power when the Political Bureau (Politburo) ousted him due to his extreme radical policies. 1964-1982Brezhnev had now assumed control of the Union. A rigid Stalinist with hard-line ethics, Brezhnevs goal was to make the USSR into one of the strongest political superpowers in the world. The military was richly funded and the authoritative influence of Brezhnev could be felt in the asperity of the population. When Brezhnev died in 1982, he left behind an empire with one of the worlds strongest military sectors, but weakest population morale. The Soviet Union was an empty superpower with crumbling financial, social and political sectors. 1985-1991In the following years, the Union witnessed very little political reform in terms of enhancing social and production factors. Yuri Andropov died early before he could establish any noticeable reforms and Koneztin Chernenko was inefficient as the leader of the KGB and the Union. At age 54, Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev emerged to inherit the economically devastated Union and began establishing political reforms that the world had not e ncountered since the Bolshevik revolution of 1917. With radical ideologies such as Glasnost (Openess) and Perestroika (long-range capitalistic restructing), along with improved foreign trade and diplomatic association with the United States (elimination of most ballistic nuclear missiles), the reformist had arrived to change the face of his dominion. Gorbachevs economical strategies had transformed the Soviet Union from a desolate oppressed wasteland to a socially liberated jungle. Such radical policies and reforms not only encouraged the development of a revolution, but the global transformation of Europe as we know it. As the hard-line coup was formed in early 1991, Gorbachev managed to hold on to power thanks in part to his liberal nemesis, Boris Yeltsin. In return, he had lost all popularity and support from the people and eventually witnessed the destruction of the Union and the death of communism in Russia.

Capstone Discussion Question Essay Example

Capstone Discussion Question Essay Example Capstone Discussion Question Essay Capstone Discussion Question Essay Essay Topic: Discussion In the wake of accounting scandals over the past several years, how has the As urbane-Cooley Act (SOX) of 2002 affected the practice of accounting? What is the role of internal controls in complying with SOX (2002)? The Serbians-Cooley Act (SOX) of 2002 is an act pass by the Congress of the United States in the year of 2002 with the intention to protect investors in case of a possible fraudulent account act which normally are conducted by the organizations. This act gave a strict reforms to organizations to follow, by doing so it help to prevent accounting fraud and improve disclosure made by mom organizations. The act was the result of multiple accounting scandals such as Tycoon, World and Enron in the year of 2000. These scams resulted in the loss Of confidence Of the investor in the financial Statement and demanded the need for regulations. By introducing the Act, there were various compliance, regulatory measures which increased the amount of information that the organization needs to supplied the government authorities, which it also led to the changes in the accounting mechanism of the organizations. The act also requested that the organization needed to roved with more detailed application of accounting standards and differential reporting of segmental analysis, and expenses. All accounting transactions are now require to have a more professional approach and analytical by the accounting department of the organizations. The final report also has been increased, the correct classification of the expenses and the income should always be done after making the deterministic approach rather than the facie approach. The introduction of SOX in 2002, made accounting an ongoing process to carry through the year and it also returned organizations with a higher fees as compare to Pre-Sox periods.

Ozone Alert Days and Warnings

Ozone Alert Days and Warnings Ozone is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell. Ozone is present in low concentrations throughout the  Earths atmosphere  (stratosphere). In total, ozone makes up only  0.6  ppm (parts per million) of the atmosphere. Ozone smells similar to chlorine and is detectable by many people at concentrations of as little as  10  ppb (parts per billion)  in the air.   Ozone is a powerful  oxidant and has many industrial and consumer applications related to oxidation. This same high oxidizing potential, however, causes ozone to damage mucus and respiratory tissues in animals, and also tissues in plants, above concentrations of about  100  ppb. This makes ozone a potent respiratory hazard and pollutant near ground level. However, the  ozone layer  (a portion of the stratosphere with a higher concentration of ozone, from 2 to 8 ppm) is beneficial, preventing damaging  ultraviolet light  from reaching the  Earths surface to the benefit of both plants and animals. Unhealthy Ozone Ozone depletion may be a common news story, but many forget about the dangerous formation of ozone at ground level. The Air Quality Index (AQI) in your local weather forecast may often issue an unhealthy warning based on ground level ozone measurements if ground-level ozone is going to affect people in a particular area. All persons in an area are advised to be on the lookout for health effects related to ozone pollutants when a warning or watch is issued. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) warns that although ozone in the stratosphere protects us from harmful UV radiation, low-level ozone is dangerous. Infants, children, and those with respiratory problems may be in particular danger. What Causes Ground-Level Ozone Ground-level ozone is caused when the sun reacts with pollutants from cars and industrial plants to form ozone at or near the surface of the earth. The sunny weather you enjoy in many parts of the world may, unfortunately, be increasing the chances of the formation of ground-level ozone. Summertime is especially dangerous in many traditionally sunny areas, especially those areas with large populations. The EPA issues warnings and advisories for five major air pollutants. ground-level ozoneparticle pollutioncarbon monoxidesulfur dioxidenitrogen dioxide Ozone Alert Days According to associate writer Fred Cabral, â€Å"Ozone ignorance is a problem. Many people do not listen to the warnings given by local forecasters on the dangers of ozone.† While interviewing locals in the area, Cabral discovered 8 reasons why people choose to ignore â€Å"Ozone Alert Days†. Avoiding complacency is key to being safe from the dangers of ozone, Fred indicates, and people should not become complacent about the issue. After multiple street interviews, Cabral has investigated the ways to remain safe. In fact, ozone alert days (sometimes called ozone action days depending on where you live) are days when high heat and humidity cause unhealthy and unsafe levels of air pollution in the ozone layer. Pollution levels are monitored via the Air Quality Index, which was designed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) so that cities and states can measure and report levels of pollutants in our air.

Art in South Africa Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Art in South Africa - Research Paper Example From the early days of colonization by the Dutch, then the independence from the British, the apartheid era from 1949 to 1989 and the post apartheid era, art in South Africa has been hugely diversified in terms of subject and matter. The population in South Africa is hugely diverse when it comes to the issue of race. The leading races found in South Africa include Blacks, Whites, Indians and Coloured’s. The role of race in South African Art cannot be ignored as it has had a significant impact and resonates in Most of the South African artists work. An exhibition of South African artwork from the 19th century to modern popular art pieces will take place at University Gallery for students, faculty, and staff attending Indiana State University. The exhibition will run for one week in celebration of the South African Art Struggles during the apartheid period. The art exhibition will run daily for the seven days starting from 12pm to 5 pm and later on Guest artists from South Afric a will take to the podium and share their experiences on the history of art in South Africa. Objectives The history of South Africa has been told through many forms. However, art is one of the forms that captured the history of the country since Ancient times. Students in the university will have a better understanding of South Africa history in the eyes of different artists, through different races and lastly through different forms of art media. The history of art itself in South Africa is an intriguing one, and in holding the exhibition, cultural understanding of South Africans will be achieved. At the end of each exhibition and lectures, students and lectures will fill single cards to determine the impact on students. Context The audience that this exhibition target includes students and lecturers from different faculties at Indiana State University. The university population is composed of students from different cultural background. Knowledge on the different cultures is essen tial for each student and faculty individuals in the university. This will help in understanding other people’s culture while at the same time ensuring that there is cohesion in the University population. Students need to learn beyond their own culture and this art show will be  enable better understanding of   differences in other cultures. South Africa has a rich cultural background and those who wish to have future dealings in South Africa will find the exhibition particularly educative. Community Connections For the exhibition to run smoothly volunteers from the student body will be required to ensure that security and issues of mobilizing and ushering in guests are taken care of. The transportation of the artwork will also require students and other volunteers. The University Gallery will need to be cleaned daily.   Preparations for the lectures by the various guest artists has to be done. The help of the student community will be beneficial to ensure that the exhi bition is a success. Budget The exhibition will require funds to help transport various south African art pieces from Art galleries around the university. The galleries will also need some amount of money to be paid so that they can lend the paintings and other art pieces. This will be achieved by organizing fundraising events to help collect enough money. The South African consulate will also be approached to offer the sponsorship of

Mediterranean Diet And Public Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mediterranean Diet And Public Health - Essay Example The diet has been found to reduce cancer and type 2 diabetes; however, the main disadvantage of this diet is its cost, which is very expensive. Human beings for a long time have devised various dietary methods in an attempt at living a healthy life by choosing carefully choosing what type of foods they eat. The Mediterranean diet is an example of such dieting whose primary principles include high consumption of fruits, vegetables among others. Besides these foods, the Mediterranean diet allows for a reasonable consumption of wine and wiry meats while discouraging the consumption of processed meals. Moreover, the Mediterranean way of life advocates for constant physical activity and a social support system while enjoying your meals. There have been growing criticisms regarding the Mediterranean diet with opponents raising questions on its wholesome nutritional values and the costs that come with maintaining it. It is important to note that the Mediterranean diet has been proven a healthy way of life that provides the body with all the essential elements. The Mediterranean diet is a healthy way of eating because it is a nutrit ional tactic that helps the body keep slim, sturdy and active. Sofi et al (2010) in their meta-analysis found that Mediterranean diet been can be directly linked to decreased mortality from all causes particularly cardiovascular disease. The diet is composed of essential mono and polyunsaturated fats, which can reduce the levels of cholesterol in the body, consequently reducing the risks of heart-related diseases. Most importantly, the diet is very low in saturated fats that can increase the levels of cholesterol in the body. However, it is important to note that the Mediterranean diet does not strive to limit the total fat intake but rather encourages the intake of fats and oils that are less harmful to the body such as olive oil that is the major source of fat in the diet.

Genetic Disorders :: essays research papers

Each year a number of children are born with biological defects that impair normal function. For THREE of the following conditions, discuss such aspects as the biological cause, the methods of treatment and possible means of detection and/or prevention.One lethal disorder inherited as a recessive allele is Tay-Sachs disease. This is caused by a dysfunctional enzyme that fails to break down brain lipids of a certain class. The symptoms usually become manifest a few months after birth. Some symptoms are seizures, blindness and degeneration of motor and mental performance. Death is the result of this disease, in children. With Tay-Sachs disease, the brain cells of a baby are unable to metabolize gangliosides, a type of lipid, because a crucial enzyme does not work properly. As the lipids accumulate in the brain, the brain cells gradually cease to function normally. Only children who inherit two copies of the Tay-Sachs allele qualifies as a recessive. At the biochemical level, we observe an intermediate phenotype characteristic of incomplete dominance: The enzyme deficiency that causes Tay Sachs disease can be detected in heterozygotes, who have an activity level of the lipid-metabolizing enzyme that is intermediate between individuals homozygous for the normal allele and individuals with Tay-Sachs disease. Heterozygotes lack symptoms of the disease, apparently because half the normal amount of functional enzyme is sufficient to prevent lipid accumulation in the brain. In fact, heterozygous individuals produce equal numbers of normal and dysfunctional enzyme molecules. At the molecular level, the normal allele and the Tay-Sachs allele are codominant. Sickle-cell disease is caused by the substitution of a single amino acid in the hemoglobin protein of red blood cells. When the oxygen content of an affected individual’s blood is low, the sickle-cell hemoglobin deforms the red cells to a sickle shape. Sickling of the cells, in turn, can lead to other symptoms. The multiple effects of a double dose of the sickle-cell allele exemplify pleiotropy, which is the ability of a gene to affect an organism in many ways. Regular blood transfusions could be used to ward off brain damage in children with sickle-cell disease. Heterozygotes with the sickle-cell allele may suffer some symptoms of the disease when there is a reduction of blood oxygen. Since the two alleles are codominant at the molecular level; both normal and abnormal hemoglobins are made. Only individuals who are homozygous for the sickle-cell allele suffer from the disease.

Challenges In Our Life Essay

Good Morning fellow students and teachers. Journey is a vital aspect in our lives. Everyone in here will encounter a type of journey whether it’s physical, imaginative or inner, They happen to everyone, whether we want it or not. Life itself is a journey with many challenges to overcome, with many experiences to learn from and with many opportunities to explore. Journeys allow us to grow, to become wiser, and to look at life from a different perspective. As you can see in the stimulus Image, many challenges arise when going through a personal journey, we are unexpected of the challenges, we must overcome obstacles, we must face these challenges even though they might be seen impossible to over whelm. Today’s speech will focus on two different journeys, one from Louis Nowra’s comic play, ‘Cosi’ and the other from Ben Stiller’s movie, ‘The Secret life of Walter Mitty’. Going through a personal journey will come with many challenges to overcome, whether it be big or small. It might be difficult to overcome let alone maintaining the shock of the challenge. The Attitudes of others may implement the difficulty of overcoming that challenge. Nowra’s Cosi shows a good example of this Challenge in Act two, Scene two. Lewis and Lucy are seen arguing about the play, Lewis did not want to attend the Galileo rehearsals nor did he want to attend the moratorium meeting. As both of them are seen arguing, Lucy tells lewis that she has been having an affair with Nick. Lewis is Stunned at this news. Lucy excuse is that she has sex with Nick, but sleeps with Lewis. In this scene, lewis has reached a personal growth in his journey, wanting to rehearse the Cosi Fan Tutte play rather than going to the Galileo rehearsals and the moratorium meeting. However, this scene comes with a challenge in his journey. Lewis is stunned, just learned that his girlfriend just had an affair with his best friend. Lucy lack of respect for Lewis’s feeling and justifies with a cruel excuse ‘I have sex with him and sleep with you’. Nowra enables us to see Lucy herself can never make a personal journey. Lewis’s feeling is seem hurt for the lack of respect from Lucy, Lewis is seen angry but recites a line from the play, ‘Women’s constancy is like the Arabian Phoenix. Everyone swears it exists, but no one has seen it’. Lucy is seen angry from this quote and curses at Lewis for even mentioning the play. The Lack of respect Lucy has towards lewis shows us how overcoming a challenge can be very hard let alone someone  else affecting the challenge making the challenge itself seem impossible to overcome. ‘Life is about courage and going into the unknown’, going into the unknown is a journey that will come with challenges, these challenges will push us out of our conform zone. Walter Mitty works for Life magazine, which is going through a transition into the online scene, meaning his job is on the line. Walter Mitty is seen as character with a dull life, not really doing anything noteworthy. While Walter is a negative assets manger, he must find the the last photo that will be in the cover of the last publish magazine. Walter Mitty has never really experienced life, never been to the unknown, however, his seemingly last mission will force him to go outside his comfort zone and experience reality, as he has never done before. Walter Mitty embarks a mission to find his last photo the company will ever publish, he will be force to stop his daily dreaming, and face reality. His daily job consist of him staying in a dark basement, but his adventures spiral from booking a last-minute flight to Greenland to near-fatal bouts with volcanoes, sharks and jumping out of a helicopter in the middle of a hurricane. Through his journey and the fantastic use of picturesque scene and dreamy sounds, reflects the Walter’s inner thoughts and perspective of life through his journey. The realisation of Walter Mitty might losing his jobs, makes him realise that he has been living a dull life and goes into a journey to find himself, and explore life. His dull life turns into an adventures life making him going out of his comfort zone.

Martin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail

Martin Luther King, Jr.’s, â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† emphasizes the need for civil disobedience when faced with unjust laws. This idea contradicts Socrates’ claim made in Crito, that one must follow the law under all circumstances. In this paper, I will argue that Socrates is not a proponent of civil disobedience based on King’s definition of civil disobedience and Socrates’ charges. Moreover, I will argue that both Socrates and King disagree with one another based on the concept of civil disobedience—breaking the law and rejecting certain ideals. Martin Luther King, Jr. defines civil disobedience as the act of nonviolently refusing to obey unjust laws as a form of protest, usually resulting in accepting the consequences of†¦show more content†¦He commits this nonviolent act to abolish an unjust law (Jim Crow Laws) that resonated out of harmony with his moral truths. In that case, King is a proponent of civil disobedien ce because he does not comply with what he finds as unjust and seeks action to cause change. Similarly, Socrates does not follow this definition of civil disobedience because he challenges the ‘morals’ of certain laws rather than ‘break the law’. When faced with the charges of impiety (not believing in God) and corrupting the youth, Socrates challenges these claims in court by reasoning with his own moral truths. For example, Socrates questions â€Å"Can a man believe in spiritual and divine agencies, and not in spirits or demigods?† (Apology 10) in response to his impiety charge. In other words, Socrates believes in divine things, thus he believes in divinities. The city of Athens convicts Socrates of atheism based on his premise, even though his argument for being impious does not articulate with his definition of ‘being impious’. It may seem as if Socrates questions whether these laws are just or unjust, however, Socrates does not intentionally break the law because his belief and understanding of God are different from t he rest of society. Socrates does not say he disbelieves in God, rather he interprets it differently. Definitively, Socrates is not civilly disobedience because he does not intentionally break the law, rather heShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From A Birmingham Jail1157 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† is directed towards the clergymen, although America is his audience, King had come to Birmingham to address the segregation problem in the United States. He refuses to stay silent, even though people told him to wait for the change to happen. King is a part of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference that has many organizations across the South. He felt that he has a right to be in Birmingham because his organizations have connections withRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail934 Words   |  4 PagesIn Martin Luther King Jr.’s , â€Å" Letter from Birmingham Jail†, King responds to the judgments of a group of clergymen , after King s arrest, by writing a letter explaining why the clergymen s judgments were wrong. In his letter, king brings very reasonable and valid points that challenge the judgments of the ministers. The main arguments that king makes would be the reason of his existence in Birmingham, white power structure and its racial injustice, and finally why negotiation has brought up impatienceRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail1665 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween these two are most evident in their desire for freedom. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted freedom from segregation and Plato wanted freedom from ignorance. They both wanted justice, and knew that it was immoral to take deny another being justice. For example, Plato has said, â€Å"†¦ Injustice is always an evil and dishonor to him who acts unjustly.† This is similar to what Martin Luther King Jr has also stated in â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail†, â€Å"We have a moral responsibility to disobey any law that conflictsRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail1726 Words   |  7 PagesOver the course of Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963), the author, Martin Luther King Jr., makes extended allusions to multiple philosophers, among them Aquinas and Socrates. His comparison would seem to indicate that he shares an affinity with them. However, the clarity with which he makes his arguments and the dedication to a single premise strikes most strongly of Kant. Just as Kant’s magnum opus, Critique of Pure Reason, attempted to completely upend a previously accepted mode of thought, soRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail890 Words   |  4 PagesFrom 1882-1968, 4,743 lynchings occurred in the United States (NAACP). African Americans accounted for 72.2% of recorded lynchings, yet close to none of these lynchings were ever brought justice. Racial injustice was a huge issue until the mid-l ate twentieth century, and Martin Luther King Jr.’s 1963 â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was one of the first documents to address the issue. It is one of history’s most important documents regarding racial injustice, as it is considered a classic documentRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’S Persuasion in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†1569 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s Persuasion in â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† After being arrested and imprisoned in Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote one of his most famous works to the people of Birmingham, titled â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail on April 16, 1963. This piece speaks of the evils of the segregation laws and how the blacks had been treated unfairly in Birmingham, in an attempt to get the white people to support the desegregation of Birmingham. He had been imprisoned because of hisRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesPower Analysis: Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail A statement from eight white clergymen from Alabama prompted Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†. This statement criticized Kings actions of non-violent protests against racial segregation and the injustice of unequal civil rights in America (Carpenter elt al.). The eight clergymen considered Birmingham to be â€Å"their† town and King was disrupting the â€Å"Law and Order and Common Sense† established in coping with racialRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail986 Words   |  4 Pages and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s Letter from Birmingham Jail are two important pieces of history. In Lincoln’s speech he speaks about the dangers of slavery in the United States and warned everybody that people who disrespected American laws could destroy the United States. On the other hand, Martin Luther King Jr. defended the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism, and argued that people have a mora l responsibility to break unjust laws. Based on these facts, Martin Luther King Jr does notRead MoreAnalysis of Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail962 Words   |  4 Pagesintangible, it is still necessary. Some forms of inspiration come as passionate love while others appeal as injustice. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail was a response to A Call for Unity by eight white clergymen. His inspiration for writing the letter was the clergymens unjust proposals and the letter allowed him to present his rebuttal. Martin Luther King Jr. effectively crafted his counter argument by first directly addressing his audience, the clergymen, and then using logosRead More Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther King Jr. writes the Clergymen that have written him a letter disputing his actions in Birmingham. King is disturbed and offended by the Clergymen disagreeing with his purpose in Birmingham. King say he normally does not respond to criticism because it would waste to much precious time, but since these were men of good will he wanted to give his answers to their statements. In Kings letter he appeals to many emotions as Martin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail In Martin Luther King Jr.’s , â€Å" Letter from Birmingham Jail†, King responds to the judgments of a group of clergymen , after King s arrest, by writing a letter explaining why the clergymen s judgments were wrong. In his letter, king brings very reasonable and valid points that challenge the judgments of the ministers. The main arguments that king makes would be the reason of his existence in Birmingham, white power structure and its racial injustice, and finally why negotiation has brought up impatience and little to no solutions. The overall structure of King’s letter was well organized and the letter delivered valid explanations as to why the clergymen s judgments were wrong and why it is that action had to be taken in order to grasp the attention needed to settle the conflicts of racial injustice the black community in Birmingham was facing. King begins his letter by pointing out how the ministers referred to his actions as â€Å"untimed† and â€Å"unwisely† meaning that they were not smart and were done at a wrong time, king also points out that he was referred to as an â€Å"outsider† (601). After making it clear to the clergymen that he only wants to give an explanation as to why their statements are wrong, he begins to respond to his existence and why he shouldn’t be considered an outsider. King gives four major reason, the first reason being that king had organizational ties in Birmingham, he points out that he has,† the honor of serving as the president of the SouthernShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From A Birmingham Jail1157 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† is directed towards the clergymen, although America is his audience, King had come to Birmingham to address the segregation problem in the United States. He refuses to stay silent, even though people told him to wait for the change to happen. King is a part of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference that has many organizations across the South. He felt that he has a right to be in Birmingham because his organizations have connections withRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail1223 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King, Jr.’s, â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† emphasizes the need for civil disobedience when faced with unjust laws. This idea contradicts Socrates’ claim made in Crito, that one must follow the law under all circumstances. In this paper, I will argue that Socrates is not a proponent of civil disobedience based on King’s definition of civil disobedience and Socrates’ charges. Moreover, I will argue that both Socrates and King disagree with one another based on the concept of civilRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail1665 Wo rds   |  7 Pagesbetween these two are most evident in their desire for freedom. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted freedom from segregation and Plato wanted freedom from ignorance. They both wanted justice, and knew that it was immoral to take deny another being justice. For example, Plato has said, â€Å"†¦ Injustice is always an evil and dishonor to him who acts unjustly.† This is similar to what Martin Luther King Jr has also stated in â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail†, â€Å"We have a moral responsibility to disobey any law that conflictsRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail1726 Words   |  7 PagesOver the course of Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963), the author, Martin Luther King Jr., makes extended allusions to multiple philosophers, among them Aquinas and Socrates. His comparison would seem to indicate that he shares an affinity with them. However, the clarity with which he makes his arguments and the dedication to a single premise strikes most strongly of Kant. Just as Kant’s magnum opus, Critique of Pure Reason, attempted to completely upend a previously accepted mode of thought, soRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail890 Words   |  4 PagesFrom 1882-1968, 4,743 lynchings occurred in the United States (NAACP). African Americans accounted for 72.2% of recorded lynchings, yet close to none of these lynchings were ever brought justice. Racial injustice was a huge issue until the mid-l ate twentieth century, and Martin Luther King Jr.’s 1963 â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was one of the first documents to address the issue. 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He had been imprisoned because of hisRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesPower Analysis: Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail A statement from eight white clergymen from Alabama prompted Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†. This statement criticized Kings actions of non-violent protests against racial segregation and the injustice of unequal civil rights in America (Carpenter elt al.). The eight clergymen considered Birmingham to be â€Å"their† town and King was disrupting the â€Å"Law and Order and Common Sense† established in coping with racialRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail986 Words   |  4 Pages and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s Letter from Birmingham Jail are two important pieces of history. In Lincoln’s speech he speaks about the dangers of slavery in the United States and warned everybody that people who disrespected American laws could destroy the United States. On the other hand, Martin Luther King Jr. defended the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism, and argued that people have a mora l responsibility to break unjust laws. Based on these facts, Martin Luther King Jr does notRead MoreAnalysis of Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail962 Words   |  4 Pagesintangible, it is still necessary. Some forms of inspiration come as passionate love while others appeal as injustice. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail was a response to A Call for Unity by eight white clergymen. His inspiration for writing the letter was the clergymens unjust proposals and the letter allowed him to present his rebuttal. Martin Luther King Jr. effectively crafted his counter argument by first directly addressing his audience, the clergymen, and then using logosRead More Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther King Jr. writes the Clergymen that have written him a letter disputing his actions in Birmingham. King is disturbed and offended by the Clergymen disagreeing with his purpose in Birmingham. King say he normally does not respond to criticism because it would waste to much precious time, but since these were men of good will he wanted to give his answers to their statements. In Kings letter he appeals to many emotions as

The New Organizational Culture Has Leaked Out Within The...

1. Introduction Coming along with a merger, there are always advantages and disadvantages. As appointed by Elliot West, the CEO of Tobias Tech, the consultant is going to investigate the internal issues that employees in Tobias Teach is suffering from in order to recommend what Elliot should consider to ensure the merger progress smoothly. There are some issues that will be discussed in the report. The self – interested information that Nick Brown, the marketing manager has leaked out within the organization for his own interest supported by his charismatic personality. In addition, lacking of communication between employers and employees, among employees and among managers will be evaluated to remove the uncertainties of the situation. Furthermore, the confusion of the new organizational culture also will be addressed to ensure the merger progress go smoothly. Issues investigated in this report will be discussed neutrally and objectively. However, there are still numbers of limitations in this report due to many factors. First of all is the biasness of the information collected from the interview of employees in the company. These information may not be neutral and trustworthy; or even misleading. Also, lacking of time is another limitation of this report. Since this consulting report is conducted within a limited time, the consultant cannot address all issues but major points preventing the merger goes smoothly. In addition, financial issues, which can also be a factorShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreStrategic Analysis of Tata Motors11233 Words   |  45 PagesCompetencies 7 Research Development 7 Acquisitions, Mergers Expansion 9 Organization Location 10 PEST 11 Political 11 Economic 13 Social 14 Technological 15 SWOT Analysis 16 Strengths 16 Weaknesses 17 Opportunities 18 Threats 19 Capitalizing on Tata Motor’s Success 20 Conclusion 21 Works cited 22 appendix A, B, C, D, E 24 Introduction Established under the parent company, Tata Group, in 1945, Tata Motors Limited has become India’s largest automobile company. It was theRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesLONDON †¢ NEW YORK †¢ OXFORD PARIS †¢ SAN DIEGO †¢ SAN FRANCISCO †¢ SINGAPORE †¢ SYDNEY †¢ TOKYO Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP 200 Wheeler Road, Burlington, MA 01803 First published 1992 Second edition 1997 Reprinted 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003 Third edition 2005 Copyright  © 1992, 1997, 2005, Richard M.S. Wilson and Colin Gilligan. All rights reserved The right of Richard M.S. Wilson and Colin Gilligan to be identified as the authors of this work has been assertedRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagesof Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permittedRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pageswill normally be a prerequisite that some type of analysis of the strategic position is undertaken, using the case material. When planning the use of these cases within programmes, care needs to be taken to balance the time taken on such strategic analysis so as to allow the time required to analyse the main issues for which the case has been chosen. Where the text and cases are being used as the framework for a strategy programme (as we hope they will), it is essential that students are requiredRead More Damodaran Book on Investment Valuation, 2nd Edition398423 Words   |  1594 PagesEnhancement: EVA, CFROI and Other Tools Chapter 33: Valuing Bonds Chapter 34: Valuing Forward and Futures Contracts Chapter 35: Overview and Conclusions References 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO VALUATION Every asset, financial as well as real, has a value. The key to successfully investing in and managing these assets lies in understanding not only what the value is but also the sources of the value. Any asset can be valued, but some assets are easier to value than others and the details of valuation

The Difference Between Science and Religion - 1630 Words

Science has had a short life when compared to religion. Yet weve seen civilizations better themselves a thousandfold since hands unclasped, grabbed scientific instruments and started measuring the world. Is science some form of new religion? Or is science different from religion? Debates of this matter have been common since the dawn of science. Articles on their differences, similarities and clashings have crept up on society and affected everyone in the western civilization. Most recently, religious fanatics have resorted to new methods to reach out to potential followers, using scientific arguments in a seemingly desperate attempt to reestablish the stranglehold religion had in the pre-scientific era. 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Operations Research Questions Free Essays

Pace University DigitalCommons@Pace Faculty Working Papers Lubin School of Business 11-1-1999 The Mystery of Linear Programming Explained: Second Edition Jack Yurkiewicz Pace University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons. pace. edu/lubinfaculty_workingpapers Recommended Citation Yurkiewicz, Jack, â€Å"The Mystery of Linear Programming Explained: Second Edition† (1999). We will write a custom essay sample on Operations Research Questions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Faculty Working Papers. Paper 21. http://digitalcommons. pace. edu/lubinfaculty_workingpapers/21 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Lubin School of Business at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Working Papers by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact rracelis@pace. edu. WORKING PAPERS No. 191 November 1999 The Mystery of Linear Programming Explained: Second Edition by Jack Yurkewicz, Ph. D. Professor of Management Science and Director of the Advanced Professional Certificate Program Lubin School of Business Pace University THE MYSTERY OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING EXPLAINEDSECOND EDITION As Recounted by John H. Watson, M. D. Edited by Jack Yurkiewicz, Ph. D. Jack Yurkiewicz is Professor of Management Science and Director of the Advanced Professional Certificate Program at the Lubin School of Business, Pace University. Introduction INTRODUCTION I hadn’t seen my old friend and companion, Sir Sherlock Holmes (he had been knighted by the Queen and insisted that this appellation be used) in several months. Feeling that I had slighted him, I rang him up and told him I would be stopping by the next day to see how his new business venture was progressing. Holmes was truly glad to hear my voice and urged that we have lunch together. While he hinted that his firm, of which he was the sole employee, was doing well, he did indeed wish to discuss a business proposition with me. Needless to say, I was intrigued. I won’t bother to bore you, dear reader, with some of our mundane conversation the next day save to say that I found Holmes to be moodier than ever. The great detective had long ago become bored with crime solving, claiming there was little challenge in solving many of the violent crimes that seemed so prevalent in our society. The firm that he started provided consulting service to corporations, in which he would use his mental abilities to help managers solve their business-related problems. Holmes explained to me that he enjoyed the challenge of his new endeavors but was finding it increasingly difficult to converse with these â€Å"business types,† as he called them. He just didn’t have the patience to explain his findings to them, for he found them curiously dull. Holmes went on to say that he had no doubt that this fact was the cause of the country’s lack of success in the international business environment. I didn’t want to say it, but I thought to myself that the fault might not be solely with the business managers he was dealing with, but partially with him, for I myself frequently found him short-tempered and impatient, even during his ordinary conversations with me. In any case, his proposition to me was simple. Holmes: Listen, Watson, I just can’t bear the thought of explaining to these so-called â€Å"leaders† how they should be running their firms. They come to me with some specific problem, usually ill-defined, and then expect me to come up with a solution. I have found that getting the solution is fairly trivial, but I have the dickens of a time trying to explain it to them! You have a solid head on your shoulders, old fellow. Suppose you became my partner. Your only job would be to explain to them the solution that I propose, for I fear that my patience is not as long as yours is. Watson: The thought intrigues me, for I have been cutting back on my practice lately and do find myself available with more free time. What procedures do you use to get your results? Holmes: Mostly a branch of mathematics called â€Å"operations research,† which incidentally has its roots in this country during the Second World War. I collect the data, enter it on a computer I have in my study, and in almost an instant, I get the results. Watson: Well, I am afraid that tears it, Holmes. I don’t know the first thing about operations research and thus could not possibly explain it to others. I did try to learn the subject several years back. I bought a college textbook on the subject and spent several frustrating days trying to learn linear programming. The subject seemed understandable enough, but I became hopelessly 1 The Mystery of Linear Program Explained lost on the mechanics of the simplex algorithm. I was working with equations and performing what the author called â€Å"elementary row operations. † Believe me, there was nothing elementary about it. After three days I threw the book down in disgust and came to the conclusion that only masochists or the temporarily insane would ever try to fathom such a subject. Holmes: I fear you overestimate the subject’s complexity, but the point is irrelevant. No one really does these things by hand anymore, and so it was just your poor fortune to buy a book that was obsolete. All is now done with the aid of the computer. In fact, I am using a program called Solver, which is a part of Excel which is unusually easy to use and powerful. I will explain the computer output to you, along with its ramifications, and then you in turn will explain it to the manager in question. It really is quite simple, and if I may say, also lucrative. The more Holmes spoke, the more interested I became. His power of persuasion was truly formidable, and in the end, against much misgiving on my part, I agreed to enter into this venture on a trial basis. Holmes was satisfied with my decision and proposed that we start immediately with a problem that he had completed the other day that he was due to report on the following week. HOLMES DESCRIBES THE CASE Holmes: The Maximus Computer Company (MCC) has four basic computers it sells to students and small business people. The first, called the Starter, is a basic, â€Å"no-frills† computer. It has most of the amenities that a new user or a buyer on a strict budget could want, including CDROM with sound, an entry-level processor, a small hard disk, a modem for Internet access, and a 15-inch monitor. The second model, called the Midrange, is for more demanding users. This model offers a faster processor, larger hard disk, more RAM, a DVD player, and a 17-inch monitor. The third model, the Super, provides just about all the computing power a user could want. It offers even more RAM, a very fast processor, a large hard disk, a DVD player with hardware decoder, and a 17-inch monitor. All but the most demanding users would be very happy with the Super. However, for those who want the very â€Å"best,† the company offers the Extreme which offers a state-of-the-art processor, a huge hard disk, the best multimedia package (the latest generation DVD ROM with a five-piece speaker system), a CD re-writable drive, a 19inch monitor, etc. Thus, while the company offers only four models, it feels there is enough flexibility to cover most of the target computer audience. It is a small start-up company and management knows it has to compete against the heavily entrenched products from Dell, IBM, Compaq, Hewlett-Packard, and Gateway. The company philosophy is to ship computers with brandknown components and offer superior service, all at a cost to consumers that is lower than the competition’s. Watson: Well, Holmes, I believe I know about the philosophy of the company and its immediate goals. Can you please tell me more about the four models of computers we offer? 2 How the Operation Works Holmes: As I said, Maximus makes four models with different levels of features, all with the same customer support. They believe that whatever the sophistication of the machine, customer support should be â€Å"top notch† and not deteriorate with the price. In the long run, that will generate customer good will and promote their growth in the market. Watson: I agree whole-heartedly. Tell me a bit more about the computers themselves. HOW THE OPERATION WORKS Holmes: As you probably know, the computer industry is currently very competitive, and profit margins are low for each model. The net profit on a Starter is $50, for a Midrange it is $120, for a Super it is $250, and for an Extreme it is $300. These figures already take into account material, labor, depreciation, taxes, shipping, etc. In other words, these are the net profits to the company for each computer sold. Watson: Eventually we can delve into how these values are determined and perhaps how we can increase them, but for now, let’s assume that they are sacrosanct. What else can you tell me about the operation? Holmes: Management has, what they call â€Å"three operations† that make a computer. They call the first operation manufacture. This includes taking the customer’s phone call and determining which computer and options he or she wants and getting that information to the management of the production staff. They in turn will get the necessary components and make them available to the workers on the assembly line. The second operation is referred to as assembly, where the workers on the assembly line actually put together the computer, according the specifications of the customer’s order. These are skilled workers who take pride in their work, and even though they work on an assembly line, they do not have an â€Å"assembly line mentality,† for they believe they are making custom products for specific customers. The last operation is called inspection. Here we install the software, run various diagnostic tests, and generally check out and pack up the computer before we send it to the customer. Watson: I see. operations? Do you have approximate time figures on how long it takes to do these Holmes: It is a function of the computer. However, they have been doing this for some time now and so the time values do not vary all that much from machine to machine. Thus, for instance, for a Starter, we can assume 0. 1 hours for manufacture, 0. 2 hours for assembly, and 0. 1 hours for inspection. Our units are always in hours,I hope that doesn’t confuse you. Watson: Not at all. Actually, I’m used to minutes and so I am making mental transformations, but since the â€Å"company units† are always measured in hours, I will use those also. Tell me the corresponding values for the other computers. 3 The Mystery of Linear Programming Explained Holmes: For a Midrange, we use 0. 2 hours to manufacture, 0. 5 hours to assemble, and 0. 2 hours for inspection. Each Super requires 0. 7 hours to manufacture, 0. 25 hours to assemble, and 0. 3 hours inspection and testing. Finally, the Extreme gets 0. 8 hours to manufacture, 0. 2 hours to assemble, and 0. 5 hours for inspection. As I said, these numbers really don’t vary all that much from machine to machine, but as you can see, they do differ from model to model. Watson: Very well. What about your resources? How many people, or should I say, how many people-hours are available to do those three operations? Holmes: I agree with you that we should talk in terms of people-hours. I have been using the term â€Å"man-hours† for many years and if I lapse into that gender-specific term, please forgive me. To avoid offending you, I will just use the word â€Å"hours† from now on, but I hope you know I mean â€Å"people-hours† when I say it. Watson: Have no fear on my account, Holmes. My sensibilities will not be hurt if you use the older term â€Å"man-hours. What numbers do you have? Holmes: On a daily basis, management informed me that the company has 250 hours available for manufacture, 350 hours available for assembly, and 150 hours to do the inspection and testing. Watson: I presume that with all this information, we can proceed to model the problem as a linear program. Holmes: Indeed, Watson. As I intimated earlier, we can solve linear programs with Excel. Excel comes with an add-on package called Solver that is easy to use and yet powerful enough to solve most mathematical programming problems. All we have to do is make a spreadsheet model of the problem and Solver will do the rest. Watson: Well, that certainly is good news. I use Excel and I have made many models. But how do you make a linear program model in Excel? MODELING THE PROBLEM IN EXCEL Holmes: Have a look at the Excel spreadsheet model here on my computer, Watson. It is imperative that you first learn how to model a problem in a spreadsheet. Once you master this skill, we can then proceed to discuss how Solver can be used to get the answer for us. Cells B1, C1, D1, and E1 give the labels of our computers, which in linear programming terminology are called decision variables. We want the values of these variables to appear in cells B2, C2, D2, and E2. Excel’s Solver will call these cells the changing cells. We put the per-unit profit of each computer into cells B4 through D4. These numbers are traditionally called the objective function coefficients. We must enter a formula into cell I2 (which we labeled as the Profit in cell I1) that will give the net profit for all the computer’s made. 4 Modeling the Program in Excel A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 B Starter 0 50 0. 1 0. 2 0. 1 C Midrange 0 120 0. 2 0. 5 0. 2 D Super 0 250 0. 7 0. 25 0. 3 E Extreme 0 300 F G H I Profit 0 max manufacture assembly inspection Available 0. 8 250 0. 2 350 0. 5 150 Used Slack 0 250 0 350 0 150 Watson: I know how to do that. We would type in cell I2 the formula: =B2*B4 + C2*C4 + D2*D4 + E2*E4 Algebraically, we are saying, with this formula: 50(Starters) + 120(Midrange) + 250(Super) + 300(Extreme) Of course, the value in cell I2 is zero because we have zero values for the number of computers made in cells B2 through E2. Holmes: Well done, Watson! You should know that there is a shortcut to this rather tedious formula. Excel has the built-in function, SUMPRODUCT, which will save us much typing. That is, in cell I2 we can simply type: =SUMPRODUCT(B2:E2,B4:E4) That says: multiply the values in cells B2 through E2 by the corresponding values in the cells B4 through E4 respectively, and then add up the results. That gives us the same result as your formula. However, it is easier to input, since we need just type in the =sumproduct, highlight the ranges, and type the parentheses. The result is our total profit, which Solver calls the target cell. Watson: I suspect that we will be using that sumproduct function again. Tell me about the other items I see in your spreadsheet. Holmes: Our model is incomplete. We need to specify the constraints. These account for the technological, economic, or other limitations of the system, and restrict the values of the decision variables to some feasible set. We have three constraints in our problem: manufacturing, assembly, and inspection. Our manufacturing constraint is: 0. 1(Starter) + 0. 2(Midrange) + 0. 7(Super) + 0. 8(Extreme) How to cite Operations Research Questions, Essays